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This study runs through the 2011 season and a seventh era will be added and labeled the Post Steroid Era (2006-2011).Įach of the seven eras that comprise the modern era of Major League Baseball (MLB) is defined by the perception of how games were won during the particular era.
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A common list presented at Baseball-Reference described the eras as the Dead Ball Era (1901-1919), the Live Ball Era (1920-1941), the Integration Era (1942-1960), the Expansion Era (1961-1976), the Free Agency Era (1977-1993) and the Long Ball/Steroid Era (1994-2005) (17).
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Therefore, to understand baseball, one must understand both the history of the game and the economic drivers that lead to changes in the game on the field.īaseball has endured much change over the course of its history, and because of constant change, the modern era of baseball has been segmented into six distinct sub-eras. The history of other sports seems to begin anew with each generation, but baseball, that wondrous myth of twentieth century America, gets passed on like an inheritance” (6). As author and baseball historian Stanley Cohen declared: “Baseball, almost alone among our sports, traffics unashamedly and gloriously in nostalgia, for only baseball understands time and treats it with respect. More than any other sport, the history of the game is referenced when talking about anything that is happening in the present. We use the bevy of statistics available to both understand the history of baseball and attempt to predict its future. At the heart of the decision-making process is the attempt to assess which players will make the greatest impact on a team’s chances of winning. Over the course of baseball history, the economics of the game have dictated that management practices change with technology, explaining the current trend in the game towards using empirical data with sophisticated statistical analysis to aid in decision making.
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Keywords: Major League Baseball, OPS, Winning Percentage
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Results also showed significant statistical differences between the eras, indicating the way in which hitting and pitching contributed to winning percentage were unique for each era. Results showed that perceptions for five of the seven eras matched, while perceptions of two eras did not. Multiple regression and ANOVA were used to determine if perceptions for each era aligned with statistical findings. Results were segmented by each era to determine any significant differences between the eras.
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The purpose of this research was to determine how the perceptions of each era compared with the statistical outputs based on the measure of On-Base Plus Slugging Percentage (OPS), beginning with the 1901 season. Because of such shifts, the modern era of Major League Baseball has been segmented into distinct eras.
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Professional baseball has endured many changes in rules, equipment, and competitive strategy over the course of its history. Examining Perceptions of Baseball’s Eras: A Statistical Comparison He has worked in the sport industry with several baseball teams at the MLB, college, and amateur levels, as well as coaching at the high school level. in Sport Management from Minnesota State University, Mankato. in Sport Management from Middle Tennessee State University, and a B.S. in Human Performance from Middle Tennessee State University, an M.S. He teaches undergraduate classes in the Leisure Studies program which serves both sport management and therapeutic recreation students. HKS Mitchell Woltring is an assistant professor of Sport Management at the University of South Alabama.